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Starting and ending transit movements in Northern Ireland
How to notify Border Force if you're starting a movement from an office of departure or ending a movement at an office of destination in Northern Ireland.
Transporting goods out of Northern Ireland under transit: step-by-step
Find out what to do when you transport goods out of Northern Ireland under a transit movement to common transit countries.
Interpretation of terms and words in European contracts
Rules on interpretation are intended to prevent confusion about the meaning of contractual terms.
Performance of obligations set out in a European contract
The performance of a contract is usually simple, but in longer-term contracts it can become complex.
Formation of European contracts
The point at which a contract is agreed is one of the most important elements of a contract.
Validity of contracts in Europe
Instances in which European contracts may be deemed to be invalid.
Non-performance and remedies in European contract law
The contract needs to show what remedies are available if one side fails to deliver.
Clarifying the content of a European Contract
How to address issues that are not explicitly covered in a contract under the European contract law provisions.
Contract law and the European single market
The EU has introduced the Principles of European Contract Law, which are model rules for cross-border contracts.
The role of the agent in European contract negotiation
Agents can create legal commitments for businesses, so their role needs to be clearly defined and agreed.
When can shops open on Sundays in Northern Ireland?
How Sunday trading laws affect large retail businesses in Northern Ireland and the hours they are permitted to open.
When can shops open on Easter Sunday and Christmas Day in Northern Ireland?
Christmas and Easter holiday trading laws for retail businesses in Northern Ireland.
Seasonal and Sunday trading
How businesses can adapt to peak trading seasons and comply with Sunday trading regulations.
Considerations for seasonal businesses
Managing cashflow, marketing, stock control and staffing in your business during seasonal peak periods.
Adapt your marketing strategies for seasonal trading
Adapt your marketing strategy to maximise sales during seasonal holiday periods.
Cost-plus versus value-based pricing
The pros and cons of setting prices linked to costs or pegging prices against the benefits you offer customers.
Different types of pricing tactics
Take advantage of different pricing strategies including discounting, odd value pricing, loss leaders, skimming, penetration.
Raising or lowering prices
How to analyse the impact of price changes and explain them to customers and the considerations to take before raising or lowering prices.
Business to business transaction rights
Basic rights when buying or hiring goods and services that can be excluded from contracts between businesses (as opposed to between businesses & consumers).
The Unfair Contract Terms Act
Restrictions on business-to-business contracts - exclusion clauses and the test of reasonableness and how these apply to your business, including sole traders.